Breast cancer remains a significant health concern worldwide, impacting millions of lives each year. Understanding its causes, early detection methods, and preventive measures is crucial for effective management and improved outcomes says Dr. Piyush Kumar Agrawal, Clinical Director and HOD – Surgical Oncology, Marengo Asia Hospitals, Gurugram.
Causes of breast cancer
Several factors contribute to the development of breast cancer:
1. Late childbirth: Giving birth after the age of 35 increases the risk.
2. Early menarche and late menopause: Early onset of menstruation and delayed menopause expose women to hormones for longer periods, increasing susceptibility.
3. Lack of breastfeeding: Not breastfeeding can slightly elevate the risk.
4. Family history: A strong family history of breast cancer or other cancers raises the likelihood.
5. Hormone replacement therapy: Long-term use of hormone replacement therapy after menopause can increase risk.
6. Obesity: Being overweight or obese is associated with a higher incidence.
7. Age: Risk increases notably after the age of 50.
8. Alcohol intake: Regular alcohol consumption is linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.
Symptoms of breast cancer
Recognizing early signs and symptoms can facilitate early diagnosis:
– Lump: A noticeable lump or thickening in the breast or underarm.
– Changes in breast shape and size: Any changes in breast contour or size should be evaluated.
– Nipple inversion: Recent onset of nipple inversion or discharge.
– Skin changes: Dimpling, redness, or a texture resembling an orange peel on the breast skin.
– Axillary lump: Swollen lymph nodes in the armpit can indicate spread of cancer
According to Dr Babita Bansal Singh, Senior Consultant – Radiation Oncology, Andromeda Cancer Hospital, Sonipat, Timely detection is crucial for effective treatment outcomes. Screening guidelines recommend starting mammography at age 40 for average-risk women, though this may vary based on individual risk factors. Regular self-examinations are also important for early detection, empowering individuals to identify any changes in their breast tissue promptly.
Breast cancer in young women
There has been a concerning increase in breast cancer cases among young women, with diagnoses seen increasingly in their 20s and 30s. Factors such as changes in lifestyle, early onset of menstruation, and delayed pregnancies contribute to this trend. Heightened awareness and proactive health measures are crucial for this demographic.
Advice for prevention
Young women can take proactive steps to reduce their risk:
– Self-body awareness: Regular self-examinations and awareness of breast changes.
– Healthy lifestyle: Maintain a balanced diet, engage in regular exercise, avoid alcohol, and maintain a healthy weight.
– Family planning: Consider pregnancy before the age of 35, if possible.
– Genetic counseling: If there is a family history of breast cancer or other risk factors, seek genetic counseling and consider early screening.
In conclusion, understanding the causes, symptoms, and preventive measures for breast cancer empowers individuals to take charge of their health. Early detection through screening and self-awareness plays a crucial role in improving treatment outcomes and reducing the impact of this disease. By adopting healthy lifestyles and seeking timely medical advice, individuals can significantly lower their risk and promote breast health throughout their lives.
